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SHIKSHA ROY | DATE: APRIL 25, 2025 The rise of smart factories powered by IoT-driven manufacturing has revolutionized production efficiency, automation, and data analytics. However, this digital transformation also introduces new vulnerabilities—cyber-physical attacks—where hackers can move beyond data theft to sabotage industrial operations physically. For manufacturing plants relying on interconnected devices, a single breach can halt production, damage equipment, or even e

MINAKSHI DEBNATH | DATE: APRIL 22,2025 Introduction In an era when the digital and orbital realms are more interconnected than ever, space cybersecurity has emerged as a critical priority. Satellites are vital to global communications, navigation, scientific research, and national security. However, their increasing dependence on digital infrastructure makes them susceptible not only to natural space hazards but also to a rising tide of cyberattacks. This article explores the

MINAKSHI DEBNATH | DATE: APRIL 23,2025 Introduction          In an era where information is currency, cybercrime has evolved into one of the most significant threats to individuals, organizations, and governments alike. Behind the complex codes and advanced technologies lies a human mind—a hacker—driven by a multitude of psychological, social, and economic factors. Understanding the psychology of cybercriminals not only sheds light on their motives and methods but also enhanc

SHILPI MONDAL| DATE: APRIL 25,2025 The Role of AI in State-Sponsored Cyber Conflicts: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the landscape of cyber warfare, enabling nations to automate and enhance their digital offensive and defensive capabilities. State-sponsored cyber conflicts have become more sophisticated, with AI playing a pivotal role in executing and defending against cyberattacks.​ AI-Powered Cyber Offensives: State actors are increasingly leveraging AI to

JUKTA MAJUMDAR | DATE April 28, 2025 Introduction As technology continues to evolve at breakneck speed, so do the tactics of cybercriminals. The cybersecurity threats of 2025 promise to be more complex, more aggressive, and harder to detect. For businesses, individuals, and governments alike, the stakes have never been higher. Staying ahead of the latest cyber threats requires a proactive mindset, the right tools, and a focus on smart prevention strategies. Understanding what

SWARNALI GHOSH| DATE: MAY 09, 2025 Introduction In an era where data privacy is paramount and cyber threats are increasingly sophisticated, organisations face the challenge of enhancing their cybersecurity measures without compromising sensitive information. Federated learning (FL) emerges as a revolutionary approach, enabling collaborative cybersecurity efforts without the need to share raw data. In an era where cyber threats are growing in sophistication and scale, organis

SWARNALI GHOSH | DATE: JUNE 25, 2025 Introduction: The Invisible Lifelines of the Digital Age Beneath the ocean’s surface, hidden from sight, lies the world’s most critical—and vulnerable—digital infrastructure: undersea internet cables. These fibre-optic veins carry over 95% of global internet traffic, connecting continents, powering financial markets, and enabling everything from video calls to military communications. In recent years, undersea cables have become a battlegr

SWARNALI GHOSH | DATE: JUNE 20, 2025 Introduction   As the digital battlefield becomes the new theatre of war, legal scholars, governments, tech giants, and humanitarian organizations are asking: where do we draw the line? The existing Geneva Conventions, forged in an era of trenches and tanks, were never designed to apply to cyber operations. But with everything from power grids and hospitals to financial markets now targetable by code, the question of whether we need a “cyb

ARPITA (BISWAS) MAJUMDER | DATE: DECEMBER 19, 2024 In an era marked by a surge in cyber threats, businesses can no longer rely solely on traditional perimeter-based security models. The shift towards cloud computing, the growing trend of remote work, and the evolving sophistication of cyberattacks have exposed vulnerabilities in legacy security systems. Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) is a contemporary security model that has become essential for organisations seeking to safegu

SHILPI MONDAL| DATE: DECEMBER 19,2024 In the evolving digital landscape, the deprecation of third-party cookies has ushered in a new era for online privacy and data management. This shift compels both consumers and businesses to reassess their approaches to digital privacy, data collection, and user tracking. The Role of Third-Party Cookies Third-party cookies have long been instrumental in tracking user behavior across websites, enabling targeted advertising and personalized

MINAKSHI DEBNATH | DATE: APRIL 25,2025 Biometric authentication—leveraging unique physiological traits like fingerprints, facial features, and iris patterns—has become integral to modern security systems. While offering enhanced convenience and security over traditional passwords, these systems are not impervious to exploitation. Cybercriminals have developed sophisticated methods to bypass biometric security, posing significant threats to personal and organizational data.​ H

MINAKSHI DEBNATH | DATE: April 24, 2025 As cyber threats become increasingly sophisticated and pervasive, traditional reactive cybersecurity measures often fall short. Enter self-healing networks—AI-powered systems capable of detecting, diagnosing, and autonomously repairing vulnerabilities and attacks in real-time, without human intervention. This transformative approach is redefining how organisations safeguard their digital infrastructures.​ What Are Self-Healing Networks?

SHILPI MONDAL| DATE: AUGUST 25,2025 In the digital age, supply chains have become intricate webs of interconnected organizations, integral to the operational fabric of nearly every enterprise. This interconnected nature significantly amplifies cybersecurity vulnerabilities and risks. Supply chain attacks—where attackers target vulnerabilities in third-party vendors or software providers—have surged in sophistication and frequency, threatening critical infrastructure worldwide

SHIKSHA ROY | DATE: MARCH 13, 2025 In an era where cyber threats are becoming increasingly sophisticated, traditional encryption methods are struggling to keep pace. The advent of quantum computing has introduced both challenges and opportunities in the realm of cybersecurity. One of the most promising advancements is the use of quantum-derived randomness to enhance encryption techniques and fortify cyber defense mechanisms. This article explores how quantum randomness can re

SHIKSHA ROY | DATE: MARCH 04, 2025 The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in smart homes has revolutionized the way we live, offering convenience, efficiency, and enhanced connectivity. However, this technological advancement has also introduced significant cybersecurity challenges. As the number of connected devices grows, so does the attack surface for cybercriminals. Traditional cybersecurity measures are often insufficient to address the unique vulne

MINAKSHI DEBNATH | DATE: APRIL 21, 2025 The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into cybersecurity has introduced a dual-edged sword. While it empowers defenders to identify threats faster and more accurately, it simultaneously opens a new frontier for cybercriminals to build self-evolving , intelligent malware. AI-generated malware represents a paradigm shift, where malicious code is no longer static or manually designed but dynamically adapts, learns from its enviro

JUKTA MAJUMDAR | DATE April 25, 2025 Introduction As the digital world continues to evolve, so do the threats that come with it. Businesses—large and small—are increasingly turning to cyber insurance as a safety net against losses from data breaches, ransomware, and other digital attacks. However, with this rise in demand, there's also been a surge in fraudulent claims, posing a new challenge for insurers. To combat this, the industry is turning to artificial intelligence. Cy

SWARNALI GHOSH | DATE: JUNE 09, 2025 Introduction: The Rise of Holographic Communication Imagine attending a business meeting where your colleague, thousands of miles away, appears as a lifelike 3D hologram in your office. This is no longer science fiction—holographic communication is rapidly transforming how we interact, collaborate, and conduct business. Powered by artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (AR), 5G/6G networks, and advanced optics, holographic communi

SWARNALI GHOSH | DATE: JUNE 13, 2025 Introduction: The Convergence of Biology and Cybersecurity Synthetic biology—designing organisms with custom genomes—has transformed medicine, agriculture, materials science, and environmental remediation. Yet this digital-physical hybrid faces a new threat: cyber‑biosecurity—the protection of biological systems from digital tampering, infiltration, or sabotage. By treating DNA as software—encoded, transmitted, and executed, synthetic biol

SHIKSHA ROY | DATE: APRIL 24, 2025 The rapid advancement of quantum computing promises breakthroughs in medicine, artificial intelligence, and scientific research. However, it also poses a significant threat to cybersecurity & data privacy, particularly by breaking today’s encryption methods. As quantum computers evolve, they could render traditional encryption obsolete, exposing sensitive data to unprecedented risks. For businesses—especially small and medium-sized enterpris